Friday, December 27, 2019

Sympathy for Macbeth in William Shakespeares Macbeth Essay

Sympathy for Macbeth in William Shakespeares Macbeth The sympathy that we have for Macbeth changes greatly as the play progresses. This is due mainly to the role that the other characters, mainly Lady Macbeth, play in influencing his thoughts and decisions. In some cases he seems powerless to stop a chain of events, like the witches prophecies, and at other times just to weak to resist the evil temptations. In this essay I will determine how and why our sympathy for Macbeth changes during the course of the play. Our first impressions of Macbeth are from the descriptions that we get of him from other characters at the beginning of the play. For example the captain calls him Brave Macbeth, and†¦show more content†¦However before the close of the scene he comes to an agreement with himself that he will not go out of his way in order to become King of Scotland, If chance will have me king, why chance may crown me/Without my stir. During this scene we learn about Macbeths possible motives. Would he have ever thought that he could become King, let alone murdering the King, or is it the witches who start off the whole process of Duncans murder? Initially it is Macbeth that comes up with the idea. I think that the witches appeal to what Macbeth wants to believe, they do not tell him what to think and never tell him how any of their prophecies will come true. They are not the origin of the idea of the murder, they may be appealing to that idea, but they never create it. The witches appear again in the play when Macbeth seeks them out in Act IV and they give him three new prophecies. These prophecies appeal to Macbeths train of thought. He feels that he is safe if he acts on his desires, as a wood cannot move and a man has to be born of a woman. Again these prophecies do not offer any instructions about what Macbeth should to do. I believe that however much the witches seem to be connected with Macbeths change of heart, they cannot be blamed for controlling him. They exist in the play as the constant reminder of the potential of evil in theShow MoreRelatedAudiences Sympathy for Macbeth in William Shakespeares Play3064 Words   |  13 PagesAudiences Sympathy for Macbeth in William Shakespeares Play Macbeth was written during the reign of Queen Elizabeth the First, a period in history when people’s beliefs in their world were changing. People believed strongly in the Divine Right of Kings and that Regicide was an act against God’s will, making it an unforgivable sin. The worship of God was also incredibly important and people would be fined for not attending church on a Sunday and the priest would be the Read More Shakespeares Macbeth - Creating Sympathy for Macbeth Essay example804 Words   |  4 PagesCreating Sympathy for Macbeth  Ã‚        Ã‚   The dark aura surrounding Shakespeares Macbeth is well deserved, as is the darkness shrouding its title character. Although Macbeth is certainly a villainous, evil man based solely on his actions, a fuller examination of his characters portrayal leads to a more sympathetic view of him. The play does not portray Macbeth simply as a cold-blooded murderer, but rather as a tortured soul attempting to deal with the atrocities surrounding him.    BeforeRead MoreEssay on Lady Macbeth: A Dynamic Character1253 Words   |  6 PagesHowever, in Shakespeare’s Macbeth, Lady Macbeth appears to be the neck that turns the head. William Shakespeare is one of the greatest writers in history, but he wasn’t recognized until the nineteenth century. He wrote many plays, sonnets, plays, and narrative plays. It was during the sixteenth century that he wrote the tragedy of Macbeth. Lady Macbeth, wife to the protagonist Macbeth, is one of Shakespeare’s most famous and evil female characters. At the start of the play, Lady Macbeth is ruthlessRead MoreCritical Review of Macbeth by William Shakespeare1008 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Running Head: Macbeth Critical Review of Macbeth by William Shakespeare [Aijaz Ahmed Shaikh] [Karachi University] Critical Review of Macbeth by William Shakespeare Introduction Not only is Macbeth by far the shortest of William Shakespeare’s great tragedies, but it is also anomalous in some structural respects. Like Othello (1604) and only a very few other Shakespearean plays, Macbeth is without the complications of a subplot. (Bradley, 1905) Consequently, the action moves forward in aRead MoreMacbeth As A Tyrant Essay1281 Words   |  6 PagesThe Downfall of a Tyrant Shakespeare wrote Macbeth in 1606, during the reign of James I, who was James IV of Scotland before he became the King of England. James I, was a sponsor of Shakespeare’s theatre, so it is clear that Shakespeare’s work was affected by James I’s sensitivities. Murder and intrigue was a part of the Scottish Reign when James was growing, and in fact, James’s father was murdered when he was just a baby. Macbeth tells the story of a Scottish general who, through prophecies receivedRead MoreDefining a Hero in Shakespeares Macbeth1308 Words   |  5 Pagesstressed through William Shakespeare’s tragedy, Macbeth. In his play, the reader comes across Macbeth, a noble and honorable hero, who ranks highly among his peers. Nonetheless, as the play unfolds, it clearly depicts how power can corrupt even the most honorable. The noble Macbeth usurps his higher sovereignty, King Duncan of Scotland, in order to obtain the throne. However, in doing so, he annihilates anyone and everyone who seeks to stop him. As a result of his fallacious ambition, Macbeth is murderedRead MoreMacbeth as a Tragic Hero846 Words   |  3 Pagesthat makes the audience relate to, respect, and feel sympathy for a character which is undone by the end of the story. But can this title be given to Macbeth, the titular hero of the Shakespeare play by the same name? Yes, absolutely- Shakespeare’s Macbeth follo ws this plot path in numerous ways. Throughout the play, we are introduced to Macbeth’s belovedness, the crushing of said established belovedness, and his own undoing. Initially, Macbeth is introduced to the play as a noble war hero withRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Macbeth749 Words   |  3 Pages1. Macbeth, the tragic hero in William Shakespeare’s Macbeth, suffers from the fatal flaws of insecurity and indecision, allowing him to easily be manipulated, which causes the audience to feel sympathetic toward him. After Macbeth has heard the prophecy from the three witches and he has been named thane of Cawdor, he is led to a strong internal conflict: â€Å"If good, why do I yield to that suggestion / Whose horrid image doth unfix my hair†¦ / Shakes so my single state of man that function / is smother’dRead MoreEssay about Evil in William Shakespeares Macbeth755 Words   |  4 PagesEvil in William Shakespeares Macbeth Evil. It is a word that has been used for hundreds of years, yet the meaning is ones interpretation of what is evil. The criteria for an evil act have changed over the years also. My interpretation of evil is a very bad or ill act against a person, animal or God. Macbeth, dead butcher and evil man? This essay will discuss this question. At the start of the play Macbeth is portrayed as a brave soldier, who would do anything forRead MoreExploration of Shakespeares Views on Kingship Through Macbeth950 Words   |  4 PagesExploration of Shakespeares Views on Kingship Through Macbeth Works Cited Not Included Macbeth was written by William Shakespeare in around 1606 and is Shakespeares shortest tragedy. He wrote Macbeth whilst James I was on the throne. James believed strongly in divine right. This may have helped Shakespeares views on kingship. In Macbeth there are four

Thursday, December 19, 2019

A Religious Appearance Of Creationism - 985 Words

The approach of change is at allowance with the angle of abounding religions, and many humans wish to acquiesce a religious appearance of creationism to be accomplished in the public academy system. The foundation of change is based aloft the accepting that the agent of all ordered circuitous systems, including active creatures, can be explained by accustomed laws after the admission or action of God. A person who believes in the biblical archetypal of conception is beheld by some non- believers as a naive, bigoted religious activist who is not accommodating to look at the appreciable affirmation with an accessible mind. Because the evolutionary abstraction of origins has been so broadly accustomed by the accurate community, abounding people have articular that the conception archetypal should be absolutely alone without fairly analytical its claims. Even abounding Christians who acquire abysmal assurance and faith in the Bible acquire never absolutely accustomed the claims of the conception account (McLean 11). Over the accomplished several years, a abundant accord of altercation surrounding the creation-evolution activity has been generated by scientists who acquire based their claims on the conception archetypal and acquire been accommodating to let their reputations stand. Creationists acquire aboveboard requested that if the altercation of origins occurs in the accessible academy system, both the archetypal of conception and change be presentedShow MoreRelatedCreationism And Evolutionism887 Words   |  4 Pages Creationism Vs Evolutionism The debate between creationism and evolutionism has been a topic of discussion by scientists and religious believers since the 19th century. Since the very first religion such as Hinduism and all that came after, there has been the belief of a higher being, a divine creation more powerful than humans of which has created the world of that we live in. Until 1859, Sir Charles Darwin’s book â€Å"On the Origin of Species† introduced and described a theory based solely onRead MoreThe Louisiana Science Education Act Essay1728 Words   |  7 PagesIn the United States, evolution and creationism remain a controversial issue as far as which method should stay in science classes across the globe. How was the earth created? How were humans created? These are questions that arise in most science classes. Many students require an explanation of why people exist. There are those who would oppose evolution, and there are those who oppose creationism. Is there a significant differe nce between these methods? Several states have passed regulations thatRead MoreScience And Religion : A Very Short Introduction1198 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"Darwin and Evolution† and â€Å"Creationism and Intelligent Design,† Science and Religion: A Very Short Introduction (pp. 58-103) by Thomas Dixon The author, Thomas Dixon explains Evolution and creationism in separate chapters in his book, â€Å"Science and Religion: A Very Short Introduction.† The evolution chapter talks about the history of Charles Darwin’s evolution, its challenges of the root of all living creatures as started in the Bible and it effect it has brought in American society. In the chapterRead MoreThe Shape And Thickness Of Intertidal Snail Littorina Obtusata1491 Words   |  6 Pagescentury and those of 1982-1984 were indeed not due to speciation but rather due to the correlation of the appearance and predation of Carcinus maenas. These studies has statistically significant evidence to support the hypothesis that the change in L. obtusata shell morphology was due to natural selection in response to the predation of C. maenas. â€Æ' In several failed attempts, Creationism has emerged on the surface of past and present history in the effort of challenging the scientific theory ofRead MoreThe Creationism Question Essay1829 Words   |  8 PagesIn a historical context, creationism versus the theory of evolution has always been a hotly contested subject, one of the major breakthroughs being when Darwin publicized his theory of evolution. When Darwin published his theory of evolution in 1859, his book was considered a major technological breakthrough at that time. The seeming â€Å"proof† that a God didn’t exist created a catalyst, where creationism was replaced with an almost atheism, because the existence of evolution counteracted society’sRead MoreInherit the Wind by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee901 Words   |  4 Pagessmall town politics. Lawrence and Lee do an exceptional job representing and setting the scene of this town by painting the history of the play’s main characters. They make a strong point about the lack of strayed opinion as everyone is primarily religious in views and science is taught according to the bible. In a sense it is wrong for one to have a mind or speak about views that clash with what has been widely accepted in Hillsboro. Drummond is a notorious criminal defense lawyer who openly voicesRead MoreEssay on Creation’s Contest with Evolution2006 Words   |  9 Pagesthe largest controversies in todays public school systems: should creationism still be taught in public schools? In the trial, Clarence Darrow argued that teaching creationism in public schools defies the separation of church and state (which is pulled from the first amendment). Darrow moved on to say that evolution does not disobey the first amendment. The trial denied all public schools the right to teach creationism-a belief that humans were created by a higher being-although evolutionRead More Charles Darwin Essay479 Words   |  2 Pagesupcoming theories when he began an expedition trip to the Galapagos Islands of South America. While studying there, he discovered that each island had its own type of plant and animal species. Although these plants and animals were similar in appearance, they had other characteristics that made them differ from one another and seem to not appear as similar. Darwin questioned why these plants and animals were on these islands and why they are different in ways. Darwin’s observationsRead MorePhilip Kitcher s Article Believing Where We Can Not Prove1882 Words   |  8 PagesUnited States around 1870, declined for the majority of the twentieth century, and has revived since the 1970s. Pragmatism attempts to combine empirical views with religious views. The problem faced by early pragmatists was that the full extent of what was offered was â€Å"an empirical philosophy that [was] not religious enough and a religious philosophy that [was] not empirical enough.† William James, a classical pragmatist, claims that this ideology is important because it provides a way of overcomingRead MoreUS Government: Practicing Beliefs or Instrumenting Coercion?1610 Words   |  7 Pagesschool curriculum is unable to accommodate every child’s religious needs or offer the same amount of coverage to each religion represented in America. If parents feel as though the instruction of religion is such a pivotal aspect that should be in their child’s life then perhaps a private school that is tailormade to teach and interpret religious aspects would be better suitable. The principle of religious neutrality forbids schools to give religious objectors a substitute that is, from a secular perspective

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

CHARACTERIZATION Essay Example For Students

CHARACTERIZATION Essay The main characters of Dostoevskys novel The Brothers Karamazov are, as the title suggests, the members of the Karamazov family, if it can indeed be called such. The only things that the members of this family share are a name and the Karamazov curse, a legacy of base impulses and voluptuous lust. References to this tendency towards immorality are sprinkled heavily throughout the novel; phrases such as a brazen brow and a Karamazov conscience, voluptuary streak, and Karamazovian baseness abound. Fyodor Pavlovich Karamazov, the father of the brothers Karamazov, is the embodiment and the source of this immorality. In him Dostoevsky creates such perversity and depravity that one can feel no positive emotions for the man. His physical appearancehe is flabby with small, suspicious eyes and a long, cavernous mouth with puffy lips, behind which could be glimpsed small fragments of black teethaccurately reflects his foul, disgusting character. He has no respect for himself; he enjoys playing the part of the shameless buffoon for attention, even though the attention he receives is negative. Because he has no respect for himself, he can have no respect for others, either. He has no respect for women, for example; he is a despicable voluptuary, and he satisfies his lust at any cost. He drives his wife to madness by bringing women of ill-repute into their house right in front of her. Even more shockingly, he rapes a mentally retarded woman, who later dies giving birth to his illegitimat e son, Smerdyakov, who grows up as his fathers servant.Fyodor is even more blatantly disrespectful to his three legitimate children.After his wifes death, he abandons them, for they would have been a hindrance to his debaucheries. He is never a true father to any of them. When his oldest son, Dmitry, becomes an adult, Fyodor is even so cruel as to deny Dmitry his inheritance and instead use the money to seduce Grushenka, with whom his son is in love. It is Alyosha, the youngest brother, that is most successful in escaping the curse of the Karamazovs. Miraculously, he is almost the complete opposite of his father; he is an easygoing lover of mankind whom everyone likes. When the reader first meets Alyosha, he is a young monk of strong faith, a disciple of the Elder Zosima; he is the embodiment of Zosimas teachings that one must love man unconditionally and not condemn mans actions. Indeed, Alyosha treats everyone he meets with respect and love, and consequently everyone responds to h im in the same way. He tolerates anything without censure, even the filthy lewdness of his father. As a result, even his father grows to be sincerely fond of him.Alyosha plays the role of the mediator in the novel. Dostoevsky deliberately creates Alyosha as a static character who undergoes few changes, and, therefore, he is the stable, solid character around whom the conflicts of the novel unfold. He moves in and out of these various conflicts and attempts to ameliorate the existing tensions and solve the problems. And, indeed, the other characters open up to him and trust him because of his refusal to judge them and their actions. Alyosha is not a Christ figure, however, nor is he a mere holy fool. He is, in fact, a real Karamazov , and he has more credibility as a mediator because as a Karamazov, he knows and understands the lowest depths of the soul. The ability that he has to understand the depravity inherent in man gives him, and therefore the reader, great insights into the personalities and motives of the other characters. For example, it is Alyosha that guesses that Katerina Ivanovna does not truly love Dmitry, and that she acts out this false love only so that she can, out of pride, observe her heroic sacrifice of faithfulness and reproach Dmitry for his unfaithfulness. Dostoevsky uses Alyoshas insights into the minds of others as a unique way by which to develop his characters. Ivan, the second youngest of the brothers, is much different from both Fyodor and Alyosha. Ivan is a cold and haughty yet brilliant man incapable of forming lasting relationships with anyone; his intellect is the only thing he values. He rarely talks to anyone about anything but his ideas; he is, as Dostoevsky describes him, a man who needs nothing but the resolution of his ideas. As Dostoevsky develops Ivans character, however, one sees that it is his intellect, the very thing that he most prizes, that is the cause of anguish and eventual madness. Ivan, unlike Alyosha, does change in the course of the novel. At the beginning of the novel, Ivan, although he is a self-proclaimed atheist, is struggling with conflicting views about God. He struggles with this interior conflict during the entire course of the novel, and his inability to resolve it causes him to slowly change from a rational, albeit confused, man to an incoherent, delirious one. At the end of the novel, at Dmitrys trial, Ivan is so deranged that he has to be dragged out of the courtroom, kicking and fighting and howling with a loud voice. After the courtroom scene Ivan immediately comes down with a severe fever, and he lays in a state of unconsciousness for the remainder of the novel. Dostoevsky ultimately leaves Ivans fate unresolved. It is Dmitry, the oldest of the brothers, that is, in a way, the central character of the novel. Dostoevsky creates in Dmitry a dual character that is the most complex of all of the major characters, and therefore the most human. Dmitry is the brother most driven by the Karamazovian virtues of unrestraint and depravity. At the same time, however, Dmitry is an honorable man capable of the noblest of impulses. This duality in character is summed up in his conflict between his reverence for his betrothed, Katerina Ivanovna, a noble, beautiful, educated girl, and his passion for Grushenka, a woman of questionable morals. Several of Dmitrys actions as well help to develop his paradoxical character. For example, when Dmitry first meets Katerina, she is in desperate need of money; Dmitrys first thought is to use money to seduce her. When Katerina comes to collect the money, however, Dmitrys sense of honor causes him to simply give her the money along with a reverential and most heartfelt bo w. Mountains EssayTHEMEOne of the major themes of The Brothers Karamazov is the idea that life without God can only lead to destruction. Dostoevsky develops the theme largely through the description of Ivans struggle between acceptance and renunciation of God; Ivan is, in fact, a representation of the Western world, which has dealt with the same struggle for centuries. Ivan believes that mans suffering and unhappiness are caused by the freedom that God gave him to choose between material objects and heavenly rewards. Most men cannot differentiate between material objects and life, however, and thus the decision torments them. Ivan, therefore, believes that man should establish a state of government akin to socialism, in which God is abolished and in which obedience and material wealth are emphasized; the government would, in other words, take away the freedom which so torments man and reinforce the belief that material wealth is, indeed, life. Dostoevsky warns, however, that a mans renunciation of God will eventually destroy him. He may be made falsely happy, for a while, but he will soon realize, as Ivan does, that without God there can be no virtue. He will both descend into madness and despair, as Ivan does, and destroy himself and others, as Smerdyakov does. Dostoevsky emphasizes that it is only those that decide to live for God, as Dmitry eventually does, that can truly be happy. Dmitrys unhappiness and despair throughout much of the novel stems from his preoccupation with material objects, especially money. It is largely because of this preoccupation that he commits the immoral actions that he does. It is only at the end of the book, when he renounces his past sins, accepts God, and begins to live for Him that he becomes truly happy. He realizes that he may now rise up in joy, for his soul has been brought from the den of thieves into the light. POINT OF VIEWThe point of view of The Brothers Karamazov is that of an impartial, omniscient narrator, a narrator that is never developed as a character in the novel. Dostoevsky uses the omniscient point of view out of necessity; for the reader to truly comprehend Dostoevskys ideas, the reader must know every characters perception of every aspect of the novel, not merely the perceptions of one character. If Dostoevsky had, for example, written the novel from the point of view of Alyosha, the novel would have lost a great deal of its meaning. The reader would not have been able to so clearly comprehend the inner conflict with which Ivan struggles, for example, and thus the reader would probably overlook one of Dostoevskys major themes. It is also important that Dostoevsky uses a first person omniscient point of viewthat is, an omniscient narratorrather than a third person omniscient point of view. Although Dostoevsky never develops his narrator, the narrator still serves to draw the reader into the novel. The narrator establishes a familiarity with the reader and puts the reader at ease. Additionally, the narrator tells the story excitedly and sometimes almost impatiently; he is constantly getting ahead of himself in his impatience to tell the story. The reader, whether he knows it or not, adopts this excitement himself, and thus becomes more eager to learn the outcome of the story. SETTING AND ATMOSPHEREDostoevsky purposely reveals little about the basic setting of the novel. He merely reveals that the story takes place in a relatively small provincial town in Russia, and he forces the reader to infer the time period in which it is set from his descriptions of historical events. Dostoevsky deliberately describes his setting vaguely in order to emphasize that the themes and ideas of the novel are so universal that they transcend time and place. Although Dostoevsky reveals almost nothing about the setting of the novel, he is still able to develop an almost tangible atmosphere of tension and tragedy through his choice of words. Dostoevsky establishes the atmosphere in the first sentence of the novel; he states that Fyodor Karamazov is to die a tragic and fishy death. He reinforces the uneasy, dire atmosphere throughout the novel with subtle yet descriptive phrases; he says several times, for example, that a catastrophe is about to occur, and that the Karamazov household reeks of foul play. The words and actions of the characters exude anxiousness and despair as well, and therefore help to contribute to the development of the tense and oppressive atmosphere. Dmitrys impassioned vows that he will kill his father, for example, serves to heighten tenseness and suspense. Similarly, the scorn inherent in all of Ivans words and actions adds to the negativity of the atmosphere. STYLEDostoevskys style is very realistic and straightforward. He almost never uses flowery or poetic language or figures of speech; his language is simple and spare, as if he tried to eliminate all that wasnt absolutely necessary. Similarly, he is unpretentious in his choice of words. He generally states things in the simplest terms possible. Contrastingly, however, his sentences are often fairly complex; despite their complexity, though, they are easy to understand and thus do not detract from his simplicity and straightforwardness. Because the book consists largely of dialogue, Dostoevsky changes his style frequently, for each of his characters has a unique style of speaking that complements his character. Dostoevsky writes Ivans dialogue, for example, in a very verbose, complex style that reinforces Ivans characterization as an intellectual. He writes Dmitrys dialogue in a very random, disjointed style that underscores Dmitrys tendency to allow his passion and his emotions to cloud his logic. Finally, he writes Alyoshas dialogue in a simple style very similar to his own, as Alyosha is himself simple and unpretentious.O

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Is Odysseus a Good Leader free essay sample

Odysseus was a man who was known for both his good and bad leadership qualities. Homer, the blind poet and the author of ‘the Odysseus’ has portrayed Odysseus as an ambiguous character. However, in my opinion and in this argument Odysseus have more good leadership qualities than bad leadership qualities. Throughout this epic, readers can see that Odysseus made many leadership decisions and took actions when it should be made. He was intelligent, fair and fearless. Many incidents in Homer’s epic, points out his intelligence, fairness and fearlessness throughout their journey. Throughout Odysseus ‘journey to his home in Ithaca, he has faced many hardships and troubles which resulted in the death of his men and the crew but he tried all that he can to protect and save his reckless men. He was very intelligent, that he took actions and made decisions suddenly which will benefit the whole crew. As Homer States, â€Å"You will not let us sleep. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Odysseus a Good Leader? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"Sure no man’s driving off your flock? No man has tricked you, ruined you? Out of the cave the mammoth Polyphemus roared in answer: ‘Nohbdy, Nohbdy’s tricked me. Nohbdy’s ruined me! While they got trapped inside at the Cyclops cave, Odysseus introduces himself as ‘Nohbdy’ so when Cyclops screams, he would say ‘nobody’ hurt him. Odysseus made the Cyclops blind in order to stop him from eating all of his men which shows his intelligence and good leadership. Odysseus was fair that he made decisions to show the support to all his men regardless how strong they were. Being fair is one of the most important leadership qualities because if a leader is not fair, his followers will underestimate themselves thinking that they are no good to the group and this can cause bigger problems. To avoid that Odysseus tossed a coin to pick the men to go up to Cyclops and blind him with a spear. As Homer states, â€Å"now came the time to toss for it: who ventured along with me? Whose hand could bear to thrust and grind that spike in Cyclops’ eye, when mild sleep had mastered him? † This incident from Cyclops cave shows his fairness to his men and proves his good leadership. Odysseus was fearless throughout the journey to his home in Ithaca. All incidents happened in the journey points out he was willing to take risk for the safe and betterment of his crew. He took Circe’s advice and went to the land of the dead to gain wisdom and knowledge and land of the dead is where people who are easily scared would not go because Hades, God of the death ruled over the land of the dead. He met the blind prophet Tiresias at the land of the dead where he prophesized destruction amongst his ship and Odysseus refused to tell it to his men to not discourage his men. He also didn’t tell them about Circe’s prediction that he will be the only survivor. As it states, â€Å"Odysseus does not tell his men of Circe’s last prophecy—that he will be the only survivor of their long journey. In conclusion, Odysseus was a good leader and he was able to prove his leadership qualities. Odysseus had what it takes to be a good leader because he was intelligent, fair and fearless and he supported and did not do anything that would blemish his men’s courage. He took risk and find solutions to all the problems they faced. He was emotionally strong and made his crew strong. He tried all that he can to protect his men and not to lose his men. While they were at Circe’s island and Cyclops cave and all through their journey he proved his good leader ship qualities. References: Donlan, Walter. Political reciprocity in Dark Age Greece: Odysseus and his hetairoi. Reciprocity in ancient Greece (1998): 51-71. Donlan, Walter. The tradition of anti-aristocratic thought in early Greek poetry. Historia: Zeitschrift fà ¼r Alte Geschichte H. 2 (1973): 145-154. Sarachek, Bernard. Greek concepts of leadership. Academy of management journal 11.1 (1968): 39-48. Shay, Jonathan. Moral injury. Intertexts 16.1 (2012): 57-66. POLK, GAIL CECELIA. VERGILS PENELOPE: THE DIANA SIMILE IN AENEID 1. 498-502. Vergilius (1959-) (1996): 38-49. Donlan, Walter. Homers Agamemnon. The Classical World 65.4 (1971): 109-115.